home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- ------------------
- Mand32 version 2.0
- ------------------
-
- Mand32 generates a mandelbrot set in a variety of resolutions. Its name is a
- combination of mandelbrot, a mathematically chaotic construct, and 32, which
- represents the 32,000 color mode Mand is capable of using. This version is
- not crippled, but upgrades are only available by order (see bottom).
-
- resolution colors
-
- available 320x200 256, 32k
- modes 640x350 32k
- 640x400 256, 32k
- 640x480 256, 32k
- 800x600 256, 32k
- 1024x768 256
-
-
- What's a Mandelbrot?
- --------------------
-
- Mandelbrot sets live in the complex plane. To generate a set, you take
- the simple equation Zn+1 = Zn ^2 + C, Zo = 0, and note whether it goes
- to infinity or not. Note that Z and C are complex numbers. Colors are
- determined by one of three methods: "scalar", "logarithmic", or "sine".
- The scalar method iterates the above equation until the normal of Z
- exceedes 2 or the number of iterations exceedes 256. If the number of
- iterations exceedes 256, it assumes the point will never reach infinity
- and assigns it a color value of zero. Otherwise it assigns a color based
- on how many iterations it had to go through before Z exceeded 2. This
- generates a traditional set. The logarithmic method runs every point
- through 8 iterations, and then assigns it a color proportional to the
- logarithm of the norm of Z. This is faster than the traditional method,
- and gives the old set a new and intresting look. The sine runs every point
- through 4 iterations, takes the sine, and assigns colors based on the result.
- You would think that this would destroy all the structure of the set... but
- this isn't the case. Try it and see :) Many floating point calculations are
- involved for all three methods, so mandelbrot generation tends to be slow
- on many machines, but the result are a seris of amazingly beautiful images.
- To estimate how many seconds it will take to draw a set on your PC in a
- given resolution mode, run mtest.
-
-
- Instructions
- ------------
-
- Mand32 has two basic modes: image generation and command. When Mand32 first
- starts, it is in image generation mode, any key stroke will interupt it and
- place you in command mode.
-
- Image generation mode:
-
- There are 5 methods of image generation: Draft, Rough, Precision, Fast, and
- Ultra. Precision is the slowest, but results in the absolute best possible
- image. It checks every pixel on the screen. Draft plots one out of every 100
- pixels. Rough plots one out of every 25 pixels. Draft and rough are best used
- for a quick approximation of a section that you aren't really intrested in,
- but want to expand a section of. Fast tries to reduce the number of pixels
- that needs to be checked without losing image quality. Basically, it checks
- four points, and if they give the same result, draws a filled box. If they
- aren't, Fast checks every pixel within the four points. Ultra is simular to
- Fast, but uses larger boxes. When you first load Mand32 or when you expand
- a section of an image, Mand32 first runs a Rough approximation and then
- redraws the screen in Fast. This is so you have a general idea what the
- screen will look like before waiting for the full generation. You can enter
- command mode at any time by hitting a key.
-
- Command mode:
-
- A hollow box will appear in the upper left hand corner. This box can be
- moved across the screen by use of the numeric keypad (make sure num lock is
- on). From this point you can expand the section of the set under the box,
- change the size of the box, change the display algorithm, or switch back to
- image generation in Draft, Rough, Precision, Fast, or Ultra mode.
-
- key strokes:
- + increase box size
- - decrease box size
- q quit Mand32
- E expand screen (zooms back away from set)
- e expand box (zooms into screen)
- D Draft entire screen
- d Draft interior of box
- R Rough entire screen
- r Rough interior of box
- P Precision entire screen
- p Precision interior of box
- F Fast entire screen
- f Fast interior of box
- U Ultra entire screen
- u Ultra interior of box
- a switches between logarithmic and scalar analysis
- 3 generates a 3D plot of the screen (cool)
- c in 32k mode, switches between red/blue/green,
- just blue, just green, and just red color schemes
- t alternates display type between normal, log, and sine
-
- O.K. lets go over an example: You load of Mand32, and it starts to generate
- a Rough image. After the Rough is complete, you decide to skip the Precision
- image generation and blow up a section in the upper right hand side. So you
- hit a key, and after Mand32 finishes its current row, the command box pops
- up. Scroll it over to the right area, and make the box bigger with the '+'
- key. However, you suddenly grow curious as to what the Precision image looks
- like. You could hit 'P' to Precision generate the whole screen, or you could
- hit 'p' to Precision generate just the area under the box. You like what you
- see, so 'e' to expand the box...
-
-
- History
- -------
-
- Version 1.0
- Slow first try, it worked but not well.
-
- Version 1.3
- Sped up routine by factor of 2, added 3d generation.
- Beta tested.
-
- Version 2.0
- Sped up routine by factor of 9, think I've trimmed all the junk off now.
- Minor bugs fixed, changed image generation functions, polished everything.
-
-
- Known bugs
- ----------
-
- Only works with cards that support either svga 256 color mode or svga 32k
- color mode.
-
- Will crash in log or sine mode if you zoom out from the set, as opposed to
- zooming in, too much.
-
-
- Upgrade Plans
- -------------
-
- For 3.0 (sometime January 1994):
- Support for a variety of specific video cards, save screen as standard
- Windows bitmap, misc cosmetic changes, fix any bugs that come up in 2.0.
-
- Up in air (maybe 3.0, maybe 4.0, maybe never):
- Mouse support, generate log file which can later be used as a script, rewrite
- part of code in assembly, support for MIDI files as background music, support
- 64k color mode, palette rotation, go Windows.
-
-
- To order an upgrade
- -------------------
-
- Send $5 to $10 over my way:
-
- Daniel Lemberg
- 110 West 39th Street
- Apartment 515
- Baltimore, MD 21210
-
- And I'll ship you the latest version.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Whether you order or not, I worked hard to make Mand32 a beautiful and
- useable product, and sincerely hope you enjoy it. Feel free to e-mail me
- at lemberg@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu with comments and suggestions.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-